Facile construction of p–n heterojunction Bi2O3/BNNS for synergistic tetracycline removal through adsorption–photocatalysis

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RSC Adv., 2026, 16,25717-25731DOI: 10.1039/D6RA02440H, Paper Open Access &nbsp This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence.Zhao Du, Yanan Wu, Mengmeng Yu, Zishuang Cheng, Po Hu, Zhonglu Guo, Guifeng Chen, Chengchun Tang,…

본문

Facile construction of p–n heterojunction Bi2O3/BNNS for synergistic tetracycline removal through adsorption–photocatalysis

* Corresponding authors

a Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Lighting, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, China
E-mail: [email protected]

b Hebei Key Laboratory of Boron Nitride Micro and Nano Materials, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
E-mail: [email protected]

c College of Energy Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, China

d School of Mathematics and Physics, Jingchu University of Technology, Jingmen 448000, China

Abstract

Herein, porous boron nitride nanosheets (BNNS) exhibiting n-type semiconductor characteristics were synthesized via high-temperature pyrolysis. Subsequently, a series of Bi2O3/BNNS composites with superior photocatalytic activity were constructed using a solvothermal method. Experimental results demonstrate that the optimized composite photocatalyst exhibits significantly enhanced adsorption capacity and photocatalytic activity compared to pristine BNNS and Bi2O3. The optimal Bi2O3/BNNS composite achieved degradation efficiencies of 94.65%, 94.23%, and 93.97% for tetracycline (TC), oxytetracycline (OTC), and doxycycline (DC) (each at 50 mg L−1), respectively, under simulated solar irradiation. This study highlights that the exceptional adsorption capability of BNNS enables the Bi2O3/BNNS composite to fulfill the requirements for synergistic adsorption–photocatalysis. Furthermore, BNNS serves as an effective growth substrate, significantly regulating the growth of Bi2O3 nanowires and suppressing their agglomeration, thereby endowing the composite with a large specific surface area and pore volume. The formation of a p–n heterojunction also effectively suppresses the recombination of photogenerated charge carriers within the catalyst. Finally, this work elucidates the detailed process and underlying mechanism of photocatalytic tetracycline degradation driven by simulated sunlight. In summary, this study innovatively employs the Bi2O3/BNNS composite as a novel photocatalyst for tetracycline degradation and provides theoretical guidance for the design of advanced photocatalysts.