Flexible zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors with high energy density and long cycling life enabled by the microfluidic assembly of MXene composite fibers

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요약

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2026, Advance ArticleDOI: 10.1039/D6TA02290A, PaperMenghan Chu, Fanyu Xie, Jinlei Cao, Hui Cao, Hongwei Li, Mei ZhangWell-aligned MXene/MnO2 battery cathode and rGO/MXene capacitor anode were prepared via microfluidic wet-spinning technolog…

본문

Flexible zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors with high energy density and long cycling life enabled by the microfluidic assembly of MXene composite fibers

* Corresponding authors

a Beijing Key Laboratory of Clothing Materials R & D and Assessment, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Textile Nanofiber, School of Materials Design and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing, China
E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Fiber-type zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors (ZIHSCs) with a wide voltage window, high energy density and long cycle life have attracted significant attention in the flexible energy storage field. In this study, well-aligned and porous MXene fibers were precisely fabricated via the microfluidic-assisted wet spinning technology. MnO2 nanoparticles were uniformly deposited on these MXene fibers via an in situ growth method to construct MXene/MnO2 composite fibers, which alleviated the aggregation of MnO2 nanoparticles and offered enhanced electric conductivity. The optimized MXene/MnO2 composite fibers were utilized as symmetric supercapacitor electrode materials, and the specific capacitance in a PVA/H2SO4 electrolyte was as high as 1392.0 mF cm−2 at 0.8 mA cm−2. Flexible ZIHSCs were assembled using the MXene/MnO2 composite fibers as a battery-type cathode and reduced graphene oxide/MXene (rGO/MXene) composite fibers as the anode in an aqueous ZnSO4 electrolyte. The designed flexible ZIHSCs could effectively mitigate zinc dendrite formation, extend the voltage window from −0.1 to 1.5 V, and exhibit a high areal capacitance of 1356 mF cm−2 and energy density of 120.5 µW h cm−2. The flexible quasi-solid-state ZIHSCs in a PVA/ZnCl2–MnSO4 gel electrolyte maintained nearly 100% capacity retention after 10 000 cycles, demonstrating outstanding long-term cycling stability and promise for practical application. This study provides new insights for developing high-performance flexible zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors and advancing their practical implementation in wearable devices and smart textiles.